Cesari, Jocelyne. Muslims in the West after 9/11 religion, politics and law. London: Routledge, 2010. Print.
"Since 9/11 the debate on the compatibility between Islam and Western political and cultural values has become increasingly public".
Page 1
This quote is the opening sentence of the book. The book opens with the events of 9/11 and sets the topic of the book chapter. The quote refers to the western world and Islam which makes it relevant to my critical investigation.
"The problem is the use of the concepts of "culture" and "civilzation", especially describing Islam".
Page 2
This quote is relevant as it talks about culture and references to the media, in which terms they refer to Islam.
"Islam has become the domain and privileged topic of terrorism".
Page 2
This quote gets to the point and is strong and bold. It states about what the religion Islam has been named to be associated with.
"He suggests that current Islamic terrorism discourse is the product of three distinct and very influential genealogies".
Page 2
Richard Jackson suggests from his book that Islam is influenced by the widespread impact of cultural stereotypes and Islamic terrorism.
"The discourse on Islamic terrorism is predicated on binary oppositions: the West versus Islam, democracy anti-modernity and secularism versus religion".
Page 2
The quote talks about the impact of binary oppositions and the influence of the west.
"Islam is portrayed as inherently violent and Muslims are portrayed as desperately incapable of separating religion and politics".
Page 2
The quote states how Islam is portrayed in the media and how other people see it.
"Terrorism is directly linked to fundamentalist forms of Islam, and thus the "bloody borders of Islam" stain much of the discourse on Islam".
Page 3
This quote states the stereotypes how the religion Islam is put on strain because it has been named as the religion linked with terrorists.
"The post 9/11 situation has blurred the distinction between national and international politics when it comes to Islam".
Page 4
The quote states the effects of 9/11 and how it has affected the religion.
Morey, Peter, and Amina Yaqin.Framing Muslims: stereotyping and representation after 9/11. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011. Print.
"Islam and Freedom: Are they destined to clash?" (Newsweek).
Page 1
This quote opens the book and is rhetorical questions asking the readers about the religion and its freedom.
"Such images are distorted abstractions. Extrapolating from context - specific controversies, they paint Muslims as a homogeneous, zombie-like body".
Page 1
The quote states how Muslims are portrayed and represented in the media.
"Muslims now find themselves across large swathes of the world, and because of the stereotyping of Muslims takes place in repeated in acts of representation by polictians, by press and media".
Page 2
The quote talks about the effects of the media and the stereotypes.
"Muslims are stereotyped and "framed" within the polictial, cultural, and media discourses of the West".
Page 2
The quote states the different areas in which Muslims are represented and stereotyped within.
"Far from being accurate or neutral, contemporary images of Muslims presented by politicans and in the mainstream media and cultural forms are almost tied to an agenda that simulataneously accounces its desire to "engage" with them".
Page 2
The quote talks about the mainstream media and the representations that Muslims are tied down to.
"All these stereotypes have emerged with the renewed force since 9/11".
Page 2
The quote states that the stereotypes were born due to 9/11
Gottschalk, Peter, and Gabriel Greenberg. Islamophobia: making Muslims the enemy. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2008. Print.
Poole, Elizabeth. Reporting Islam: media representations of British Muslims. London: I.B. Tauris ;, 2002. Print.
“My own position on ‘representation’ is that ‘the media’ construct their own reality”
Page 31
The quote mentions the media and how their constructions about representations is not always accurate which links to my critical investigation.
“At a global level, the media have played a role in constructing this idea in the psychic imagination”.
Page 2
The quote talks about the aftermath of 9/11 and how the media have played a role in this.
“The Guardian’s coverage of British Muslims so far can be spilt into main types. The first report Muslim fears, focus on discrimination towards Muslims and cite Muslims’ (generally supportive) responses to the events of 11 September (32 articles)”.
Page 5
The quote above is important because it shows the response to the events of 9/11 and how the media have reporting it in newspapers.
“The Oriental constructions of the Other in Britain have come to be known as ‘Islamphobia’”.
Page 22
The quote mentions how the religion Islam has become known and referred as if a phobia.
Poole, Elizabeth. Muslims and the news media. London: I.B. Tauris, 2006. Print.
“World events such as terrorist attacks on New York and Washington and the war in Iraq have highlighted just how fragile cross-cultural relations continue to be in our global society”.
Page 13
The quote states that the world events such as 9/11 have impacted our society around the world.
Ameli, Saied R.. The British media and Muslim representation: ideology of demonisation. Wembley: Islamic Human Rights Commission, 2007. Print.
“Representations of Islam and Muslims in the media have been a topic of considerable debate and discussion, particularly in recent times”.
Page 2
The quote opens the book and states about Muslims and Islam and their representations being questioned.
“Certain common images and stereotypes tend to dominate both visual and print media, and hositility towards Islam and combines with journalistic values and practices to create a limited caricature of faith and its followers which continually circulates in the media”.
Page 13
The quote talks about how the Muslims are largely seen as a negative influence in the Western media and how these stereotypes dominate the media.
“It has been argued that certain images and stereotypes are no so deeply embedded and almost necessary to media coverage that Islamophobia almost a natural process” (Allen, 2002)
Page 14
The quote is important to my critical investigation as it states that how the media take Islamophobia into a natural process.
Geaves, Ron. Islam and the West post 9/11. Aldershot, England: Ashgate, 2004. Print.
“Muslim minorities in Western democracies and larger and older minorities such as those in India have found themselves under suspicion and easily made the targets of either racism or the resurgence of ancient hostilities that brand them as ‘other’”.
Page 6
The quote states how Muslims have become known as the other after the events of 9/11.
Esposito, John L., and İbrahim Kalın.Islamophobia: the challenge of pluralism in the 21st century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print.
“The interlinking of Islam and multiculturalism is confirmed by the rising tide of Islamphobia, a term that has come to denote acts of intolerance, discrimination, unfounded fear, and racism against Islam and Muslims”.
Page 4
The quote states the meaning of the term Islamophobia.
Ferguson, Robert. Representing "race": ideology, identity, and the media. London: Arnold, 1998. Print.
Martin, Roger. TV for A level media studies. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2000. Print.
Lacey, Nick. Image & representation: key concepts in media studies. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998. Print.
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